map() vs list comprehension tradeoffs

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The practical rule is: use `map` when you already have a named function to hand in (e.g. `map(str, nums)` instead of `[str(x) for x in nums]`). It also gives you lazy evaluation - the function is only called as items are consumed, not all at once. If you find yourself writing `map(lambda x: ..., iterable)`, the comprehension version is almost always cleaner. The other options are wrong: `map` results are exhausted after one pass, `filter(None, ...)` handles None filtering, and multi-argument transforms need `zip` or `starmap`.